Labor Law in Georgia

Labor law represents an essential part of Georgia’s legal system, which regulates the relationships between employers and employees and establishes the rights and obligations of both parties involved in labor relations. Knowledge of labor law is necessary for both employers and employees to avoid conflicts in the workplace and to protect their legitimate interests.

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Georgian labor law is based on the Constitution of Georgia, the Labor Code of Georgia, and other normative acts. It is noteworthy that Georgian labor law is aligned with international labor standards, which contributes to the country’s integration into the global economy. In this field, it is critically important to thoroughly study Georgian labor law and international labor standards to ensure full and unwavering compliance with labor regulations.

What is Labor Law?

Labor law is a branch of law that regulates relationships between employers and employees. In Georgia, this field covers many aspects, including labor contracts, working conditions, compensation, safety standards, and dispute resolution mechanisms.

The main purpose of labor law is to protect employees’ rights while ensuring fair business practices. It creates a balance between protecting employee interests and addressing employers’ business needs.

Key Aspects of Georgian Labor Law

Georgian labor law is based on several key legislative acts, the most important of which is the Labor Code of Georgia, which regulates labor relations and ensures that they are transparent, fair, and in accordance with the law. Recent updates to the code have significantly improved mechanisms for protecting employee rights.

The Labor Code of Georgia defines and regulates the following key aspects:

  • Prohibition of discrimination

    Prohibition of discrimination

    The Georgian Labor Code prohibits discrimination on any grounds, including gender, age, race, religion, political views, and other characteristics.

  • Form and content of employment contracts

    Form and content of employment contracts

    The code distinguishes between fixed-term and indefinite contracts, and also regulates probationary period and internship conditions, establishing mandatory forms for each type of contract.

  • Working hours

    Working hours

    The code establishes the standard workweek duration, overtime, and specific work conditions.

  • Leave and rest time

    Leave and rest time

    The code provides for annual paid and unpaid leave amounts, maternity leave, and other leave conditions.

  • Rules for labor compensation

    Rules for labor compensation

  • Termination of employment

    Termination of employment

    The code provides grounds, terms, and mandatory procedures for termination of employment.

  • Dispute resolution

    Dispute resolution

    The law provides mechanisms for dispute resolution, including mediation and court proceedings. Since 2019, a Labor Inspection has been established, which can investigate violations of labor rights.

  • Safety of working conditions and health protection

    Safety of working conditions and health protection

Employment policy in Georgia also largely depends on the Georgian Law on employment, which defines the directions of state policy in the field of employment and promotes the implementation of employment programs.

Reforms of 2020-2023 significantly strengthened the role and powers of the Labor Inspection, which can now monitor not only labor safety but also violations of labor rights. These changes aim to better protect employee rights and establish legal practices in the workplace.

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International Standards and Georgia's Compliance

Georgian labor law has developed significantly under the EU Association Agreement, which has led to the harmonization of local legislation with international standards. Georgia is a member of the International Labor Organization (ILO) and has ratified most of the fundamental conventions of this organization.

Compliance with international labor standards covers the following areas:

1

Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining

2

Prohibition of forced labor

3

Elimination of child labor

4

Elimination of discrimination in employment

5

Safety of working conditions and health protection

The 2023 amendments to the Labor Code further strengthened Georgia’s compliance with European standards, particularly in the areas of combating discrimination and labor safety.

Georgia’s alignment of labor law with international standards promotes not only the protection of employee rights but also the country’s economic development, as it increases investment attractiveness and competitiveness in the global market.

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Employee Rights and Employer Obligations

Georgian labor law clearly defines both employee rights and employer obligations, creating a fair work environment.

Basic employee rights:

  • Fair and equal pay for equal work
  • Safe and healthy working conditions
  • Reasonable limitation of working hours and paid leave
  • Freedom of association and the right to collective bargaining
  • Protection against unfair dismissal
  • Discrimination-free work environment
  • Privacy in the workplace

Basic employer obligations:

  • Execution of written employment contracts
  • Provision of safe working conditions
  • Observance of working hours and rest periods
  • Timely and complete payment of compensation
  • Equal treatment of all employees
  • Compliance with standards established by the Labor Inspection
  • Protection of employees’ personal data

Legal Services for Labor Issues

Our law firm specializes in labor law issues and offers high-quality services to both employers and employees. Our experienced lawyers will help you at all stages of labor relations – from pre-contractual relationships to resolution of labor disputes.

  • Our services for employers:

    • Drafting and reviewing employment contracts
    • Preparation of internal regulations and other internal rules
    • Advice during reorganization and staff reduction processes
    • Representation in labor disputes
    • Labor law compliance audits
    • Consultancy on labor safety issues

  • Our services for employees:

    • Analysis of employment contracts
    • Consultation on rights and obligations
    • Assistance in cases of discrimination and harassment
    • Representation in unfair dismissal cases
    • Assistance in claiming compensation
    • Mediation in disputes with employers

Our lawyers constantly monitor changes in Georgian labor legislation and the development of international standards, which allows us to offer modern and effective legal solutions.

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